Colonoscopy – When and How Does It Take Place?

The biopsy is a medical procedure in which tissue samples are taken from the body to assist in diagnosing and identifying diseases, particularly cancerous lesions. This method is essential for accurate diagnosis, as the histological examination of the samples allows specialists to confirm or rule out various pathological processes. The biopsy enables early detection of the disease, which is crucial for effective treatment.

Importance of Colon Biopsy

Colon biopsy is particularly important, as diseases of the colon, such as colorectal cancer, pose serious health risks. A biopsy performed during a colonoscopy helps doctors gain a precise understanding of the patient’s condition and recommend appropriate treatment if necessary. Proper preparation and the examination procedure are crucial for success.

The Process of Colon Biopsy

Colon biopsy is typically performed during an endoscopic examination, where a thin, flexible tube is inserted into the colon. This tube, called an endoscope, allows the doctor to examine the inner wall of the colon and, if necessary, take samples from suspicious lesions. The endoscope serves not only for examination but is also suitable for sampling, enabling the specialist to carry out the necessary diagnostic steps immediately.

Before the examination, the patient must follow a dietary preparation for 3-4 days, during which they should consume low-fiber and low-residue foods. In addition, the use of laxatives is necessary to ensure the bowel is clear for the examination. Just before the examination, the patient may also receive 1-2 enemas to ensure proper preparation. It is important for diabetic patients to inform their doctor about fasting, as it can affect blood sugar levels.

During the biopsy, the doctor may decide to sedate the patient to minimize discomfort during the procedure. The use of anticoagulant medications should also be suspended before the examination, and the attending physician will inform the patient about this in advance. Risks associated with the biopsy, such as bowel perforation or bleeding, require professional treatment, and if a therapeutic intervention occurs alongside the biopsy, institutional observation may be necessary.

Post-Biopsy Care and Complications

After a colon biopsy, patients need to pay attention to a few important tasks. If sedation was used during the examination, patients require 1-2 hours of observation before leaving the clinic. Those who arrived by car are advised not to drive themselves after the examination, as sedation can affect reaction time and concentration.

Although colon biopsy is generally a safe procedure, like all medical interventions, it can have complications. The most common complications include bowel bleeding, which is usually treatable endoscopically. Bowel perforation, the most serious complication, may require urgent surgical intervention. Patients should be alert to signs of bleeding or abdominal pain, and if such symptoms are observed, they should seek medical attention immediately.

The results of the biopsy, obtained during the histological examination, are crucial for further treatment. Based on an accurate diagnosis, doctors can determine the most appropriate therapeutic procedure, whether it involves medication or even surgical interventions. Therefore, colon biopsy not only aids in establishing a diagnosis but can also determine the direction of the patient’s recovery.