Urological examinations – Preparation and expected experiences

The development of modern medicine has made it possible to perform quick and effective diagnoses of various health problems. In the case of urological diseases, it is extremely important to apply the appropriate examination methods so that patients receive the best possible care. The equipment of urology clinics and the wide range of technologies used play a key role in establishing an accurate diagnosis.

During examinations, trust between patients and doctors is essential, as open communication and cooperation are crucial for successful treatment. Various methods are available to obtain accurate information during medical examinations, allowing for a thorough exploration of diseases.

It is important to emphasize that examinations are not universally applicable to every patient, and the examination process is individualized. Below, we will discuss the most common urological examination methods and their preparation.

Preparation for Urological Examinations

Preparation for the examination can significantly affect the accuracy of the diagnosis. Before heading to the doctor, it is advisable to find out whether an appointment is necessary for the given clinic or if patients are seen on a walk-in basis. During preparations, it is essential to consider the various requirements needed for different examinations.

For example, in the case of fertility testing, a 3-5 day period of abstinence is recommended, while for certain blood tests, fasting is required. Preserving urine can also be useful, as it allows for an ultrasound examination of the bladder, and the quality and quantity of urine output can be evaluated in more detail.

It is important for the patient to bring previous medical documents and to prepare a list of currently taken medications. Additionally, it is advisable to inform the doctor about any potential drug allergies, family history of urological diseases, as well as previous and current health conditions and interventions.

During the examination, the doctor will thoroughly examine the abdomen, kidney area, and genitalia, as these areas can provide a lot of information about the patient’s condition. During the urological physical examination, the specialist can also detect deviations that the patient may not even consider.

Digital Rectal Examination and Other Tests

During urological examinations, a digital rectal examination is often unavoidable, which can be an uncomfortable experience for many patients. The procedure can be omitted at the patient’s request, but it is important to note that this examination can help uncover problems that may require urgent treatment. The digital rectal examination is performed similarly to gynecological examinations and generally does not cause significant pain.

Clinics equipped with ultrasound can conduct detailed examinations, during which the condition of the kidneys, bladder, prostate, seminal vesicles, testicles, and epididymis can be evaluated. These examinations are often supplemented with urine tests and blood draws, which are particularly essential for determining prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in men over 50.

If the patient has urinary complaints, an examination of urine output may also take place. In this case, the patient can provide information about the volume and speed of urination by urinating into a funnel. In more severe cases, urodynamic testing may be performed to analyze the pressure conditions measured in the bladder.

Radiological examinations, such as X-rays, play an important role in establishing a diagnosis. A simple X-ray can help identify kidney and bladder stones, while contrast studies map out kidney function and any potential outflow obstructions. It is advisable to arrive fasting for these examinations, as food can cause gas, making evaluation more difficult.

Supplementary Diagnostic Methods

In certain cases, additional diagnostic procedures may be necessary during urological examinations. CT and MRI scans provide different details about the abdominal and pelvic organs. If prostate-related issues arise, a rectal MRI can be extremely useful, as it provides a more accurate image of the prostate and its surroundings.

Renal scintigraphy is used for precise observation of kidney function, while bone scintigraphy is recommended for detecting bone metastases. All of these examinations assist specialists in establishing an accurate diagnosis and initiating appropriate treatment.

If any questions arise regarding the examinations, it is advisable to consult with your doctor. Proper information helps reassure patients and ensures they understand the important findings available regarding their health. Active participation and awareness of patients during medical examinations are crucial for successful treatment.