Signs of Iron Deficiency and Anemia – What Symptoms to Watch For?

The relationship between iron deficiency and anemia is not clear for many, as public belief suggests that the two are closely intertwined. However, it is important to emphasize that anemia is not solely a consequence of iron deficiency. There are often cases where someone experiences fatigue and noticeable declines in mental and physical performance, yet laboratory tests do not show signs of iron deficiency.

This phenomenon warns us that there may be other causes behind anemia, such as hematological issues or various diseases that hinder the delivery of oxygen to tissues. An iron-deficient state, which can produce similar symptoms, may involve the depletion of iron stores or indicate that the body is unable to utilize iron properly. Therefore, it is essential to establish an accurate diagnosis with the help of medical examinations.

The Role of Iron in the Body and Proper Food Sources

Iron plays a vital role in the functioning of the human body. It is particularly important for hemoglobin synthesis, which is responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood. Among iron sources, there are numerous foods, with meats, fish, eggs, as well as green leafy vegetables and certain legumes standing out.

However, the absorption of iron is not optimal in all cases. Gastrointestinal issues, such as chronic stomach or intestinal diseases, can hinder proper iron utilization. Additionally, if someone suffers from a bleeding accident or undergoes surgery, the risk of iron deficiency also increases. The older population may be particularly sensitive to iron deficiency, as their diets are often poor, and the frequent consumption of foods that inhibit iron absorption, such as milk, coffee, or tea, may occur.

For iron to be properly utilized, a healthy state of the gastrointestinal tract is essential. Vitamins, especially vitamin C, folic acid, and vitamin B12, aid in iron absorption, making it important to ensure these nutrients are available to the body.

Signs and Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency

The signs of iron deficiency are diverse and often resemble symptoms of other health issues. In older adults, fatigue, weakness, reduced activity, confusion, and apathy can be typical manifestations of iron-deficiency anemia. However, these symptoms can easily be confused with other diseases, such as chronic fatigue syndrome or dementia.

The diagnosis of iron deficiency is based on laboratory tests, which check hemoglobin and ferritin levels. Ferritin is the protein responsible for iron storage in the body, and low levels indicate a deficiency of iron. It is crucial for the primary care physician to conduct thorough examinations, as treatment for iron-deficiency anemia can begin promptly if an accurate diagnosis is made.

If laboratory results confirm iron deficiency, the doctor may suggest iron supplementation, which should be done under strict medical supervision. Iron supplementation can occur not only in the form of medications but also with the help of dietary supplements.

Treatment and Prevention of Iron Deficiency

The treatment of iron deficiency is often a lengthy process that involves uncovering the underlying causes and establishing a proper diet. Blood loss, chronic diseases, and nutritional deficiencies can all contribute to the development of iron deficiency. As the first step in treatment, alongside iron supplementation recommended by the doctor, it is advisable to enrich the diet with foods that are rich in iron.

During nutrition, it is also important to pay attention to consuming foods that aid in iron absorption, such as fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin C, alongside iron-rich foods. However, it is necessary to avoid the simultaneous consumption of foods that reduce iron absorption, such as milk and coffee.

Furthermore, dietary supplements can play a significant role in the prevention of iron deficiency, but they should always be used under medical supervision. The extent and duration of iron supplementation are determined by the specialist, as excessive iron intake can also pose health risks. Therefore, the treatment of iron deficiency is a complex task that can be realized through proper nutrition and medical guidance.