Allergenic pollen can travel long distances

The relationship between pollen and the flowering process is closely intertwined, but they do not always follow each other directly. Rafael Tormo, a botanist at the University of Extremadura and co-author of a study on the topic, emphasizes that the appearance of pollen in the air often lags behind. New research has shed light on how wind patterns and the diversity of pollen sources influence this process.

According to scientists’ observations, pollen appears in the air about a week after flowering. The direction of the wind may play a role in this phenomenon, as it can carry pollen from different regions. For example, if a plant, such as the holm oak, does not flower in one area but does in another, a southern wind can transport the pollen to the area lacking flowering.

This research is particularly important for allergies, as it provides crucial information about flowering periods and pollen levels for those sensitive to pollen.

The Relationship Between Flowering and Pollen Appearance

The timing of flowering and pollen release is closely intertwined, but research shows that this connection is not always straightforward. The appearance of pollen in the air can often be delayed after flowering. Tormo and his research team studied the amount of pollen and found that pollen emissions begin about a week after flowering, which can be attributed to changes in wind patterns.

This delay is particularly noteworthy, as pollen can come from various sources and may appear independently of the flowering period. In the Iberian Peninsula, the flowering process generally moves from south to north, and pollen follows this direction. If the wind blows from the north, pollen may reappear in the air from areas where flowering has already ended.

During the research, scientists examined the area around the city of Badajoz, where they visited various parks and fields to collect accurate data on the flowering and pollen release of local plants. These observations can help provide useful information for those suffering from pollen allergies.

The Importance of Measuring Pollen Sources and Pollen Levels

The diversity of pollen sources and the measurement of pollen levels are essential for understanding the relationship between flowering and pollen appearance. Researchers have found that the flowering times of grasses and cypress trees generally coincide with their pollen release. Common pollen sources include Dactylis glomerata, Trisetum paniceum, Lolium rigidum, Phalaris minor, and Vulpia geniculata, which significantly contribute to the air’s pollen levels.

During the research, the team also collected samples from Plasencia in Cáceres and Santa Eulalia in Badajoz, and they plan to establish new monitoring stations in southern Extremadura. Tracking flowering and pollen release works similarly to weather forecasting: the more observation points there are and the longer the data collection lasts, the more accurate and valuable information researchers have at their disposal.

Allergic Reactions and Ragweed

Allergic reactions represent the body’s excessive responses to substances that do not cause problems in healthy individuals. Allergenic substances can come from various sources and are typically found in the air, such as pollen. Ragweed pollen is particularly well-known as an allergen that causes unpleasant symptoms in many people.

Allergic reactions encompass a wide spectrum, affecting organs such as the respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. In the case of food allergies, for example, the allergen is found in foods or drinks, and symptoms may manifest in the mouth, stomach, or gastrointestinal tract.

For those suffering from pollen allergies, it is vital to be aware of pollen levels and flowering periods, as this can help alleviate symptoms and prevent issues. Continued research and thorough mapping of pollen sources are important steps toward effective allergy treatment.