Factors, Signs, and Therapeutic Options of Gastritis
The term gastritis refers to the inflammation of the stomach lining and is a common gastrointestinal issue. There are various forms and causes of gastritis, and the symptoms can encompass a wide spectrum. Pain in the stomach area, discomfort, and loss of appetite are characteristic symptoms that can indicate not only gastritis but also other gastrointestinal diseases.
Gastritis occurs in many people’s lives, and while most have experienced stomach complaints, the causes of the inflammation often remain hidden. Lifestyle habits, dietary choices, and stress can all contribute to the deterioration of the stomach’s condition.
The treatment of gastritis is a complex task that ranges from identifying the causes to implementing appropriate dietary and lifestyle changes. For recovery, it is important to establish an accurate diagnosis and consider lifestyle factors.
Types and Causes of Gastritis
There are three main types of gastritis, which can be attributed to different causes. The first and most common form is acute gastritis, which appears suddenly and is generally not persistent. This type is most often caused by medications, alcohol consumption, or bacteria. Irritating foods, such as very hot or spicy dishes, can also contribute to the development of inflammation.
The second type is chronic gastritis, which is mostly of autoimmune origin or results from infection with the Helicobacter pylori bacteria. This bacterium is widespread, and although it does not cause disease in every case, its colonization in the stomach can lead to severe symptoms. The diagnosis of chronic gastritis is often delayed, as symptoms can vary, making treatment challenging.
The third group includes specific gastritis, which is associated with other diseases. In such cases, gastritis may occur as a consequence of tuberculosis or other rare conditions. The diagnosis and treatment of specific gastritis require close medical supervision, as addressing the underlying disease is essential for eliminating gastritis.
Symptoms of Gastritis
The symptoms of gastritis can manifest in various ways, and complaints can often be confused with other gastrointestinal issues. The most common symptoms include abdominal pain, discomfort, burning sensation, and feeling of fullness. Nausea, vomiting, and bloody vomit may also occur, which can indicate more serious problems.
Symptoms can vary depending on individual sensitivity and the underlying causes. Patients often identify triggering factors, especially in cases of poisoning or medication use. A detailed assessment of the complaints is essential for establishing an accurate diagnosis, as the treatment of gastritis is closely related to the underlying causes.
The diagnosis of gastritis is aided by medical examinations, but during the physical examination, the localization of stomach pain is assessed. In severe cases, imaging procedures such as abdominal ultrasound or CT may be necessary, but the most reliable method is gastroscopy. During this procedure, the doctor can directly see the internal condition of the stomach and take samples of the tissues.
Treatment and Prevention of Gastritis
The goal of treatment for gastritis is to alleviate symptoms and eliminate the underlying causes. Pain relievers, antacids, and anti-nausea medications can help reduce complaints. Additionally, it is important to ensure adequate fluid intake, as gastritis can lead to dehydration.
Addressing the underlying causes is also crucial in the treatment of gastritis, such as administering antibiotics in the case of Helicobacter pylori infection. During gastroscopy, if bleeding occurs, hemostatic procedures may be necessary. To improve the patient’s overall condition, it is important to introduce appropriate dietary and lifestyle changes.
There are differing opinions regarding diet. Some experts recommend dietary restrictions, while others believe that maintaining a normal diet may be sufficient. A common suggestion is to avoid dairy products, overly spicy and hot foods, and alcohol until symptoms improve.
From a prevention standpoint, it is important to eat small, frequent meals and maintain adequate fluid intake. Avoid carbonated beverages and excessive alcohol consumption. When taking medications, particular care should be taken, as the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and pain relievers should be done under medical advice. Taking probiotics during antibiotic treatment can also help preserve the gut flora, which is essential for maintaining stomach health.
