How to Start an Exercise Program After Thrombosis
The deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a serious health condition that can impact the lifestyle of the affected individual in the long term. During thrombosis, blood clots form in the veins, particularly in the legs, and if not properly treated, they can even lead to pulmonary embolism. However, thrombosis is concerning not only because of existing health issues but also due to future risks. Once it has occurred, the likelihood of another thrombosis significantly increases.
Prevention is therefore key, which includes adhering to anticoagulant treatment, maintaining a healthy diet, and engaging in regular physical activity. Establishing and maintaining a proper lifestyle is essential, as it reduces the risk of thrombosis recurrence. A healthy lifestyle supports not only physical well-being but also mental health.
The role of exercise is prominent in the rehabilitation following thrombosis. Movement contributes not only to improving overall health but also to enhancing circulation. However, it is important to consider the medical history and the recommendations of the treating physician during exercise, as overexertion can have serious consequences.
The Importance of Exercise After Thrombosis
During rehabilitation after deep vein thrombosis, exercise is essential. Regular movement helps strengthen the muscles, improves circulation, and reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Physical activity also contributes to weight control, which is important in preventing thrombosis.
Before starting an exercise regimen, however, consulting with the treating physician is crucial. The doctor can assess the location and severity of the thrombosis and provide advice on appropriate forms of exercise. For example, if the thrombosis affected the lower limbs, excessive strain on the legs should be avoided. In contrast, in cases where blood clots developed in the arms, exercises that require extreme exertion of the arms are not recommended.
The principle of gradualness is particularly important, as in the initial phase, gentle forms of movement should be emphasized. When developing an exercise plan, the patient’s health status, the severity of the previous thrombosis, and possible other conditions, such as high blood pressure, should be taken into account.
Safe and Moderate Exercise
In a post-thrombosis exercise program, safety and moderation are key. As a first step, it is recommended to perform light stretching exercises that do not strain the limbs. By utilizing the muscle pump of the lower limbs and the effects of gravity, venous blood circulation can be stimulated. Venous exercises should always be tailored to the individual, taking into account personal health status and the severity of the previous thrombosis.
The assistance of a physiotherapist or movement therapist is essential for mastering the appropriate exercises. The guiding principle is that the patient should not feel fatigued during workouts. If the physician deems it appropriate, light cardio activities such as walking or swimming can be introduced after the rehabilitation period. Moderation and gradualness are also extremely important here, as sudden, intense movements can be risky.
Recommended and Avoided Sports
When exercising after thrombosis, it is worth considering which sports are most suitable. Recommended sports include venous exercises, physiotherapy, swimming, water aerobics, and cycling. These forms of movement help with circulation and strengthen the muscles while posing minimal strain on the veins.
Conversely, certain sports should be avoided, especially those with a high risk of injury. Contact sports, combat sports, and activities that require sudden exertion, such as weightlifting, are not recommended after thrombosis. During workouts, it is important that the patient does not overstrain the affected limbs and avoids any movement that may pose a risk to circulation.
Exercises That Can Be Done at Home
During rehabilitation after thrombosis, several exercises can be performed at home to aid recovery. It is important to consult with your doctor or physiotherapist before starting any exercise program. Below are some simple exercises that can be done at home:
1. **Breathing Exercise**: Lying on your back with legs and arms extended beside your torso, raise your arms to ear level while taking a deep breath in through your nose, then slowly exhale through your mouth.
2. **Lower Limb Raise**: Lying on your back with one leg extended on the ground and the other bent at the knee, lift the extended leg above heart level while waving your ankle.
3. **Bicycling**: Lying on your back with both feet on the ground, keep one foot grounded while “bicycling” with the other leg in the air.
4. **Pelvic Lift**: Lying on your back with feet on the ground, lift your pelvis, hold for a few seconds, then lower it back down.
5. **Heavy Pelvic Lift with Leg Raise**: Lying on your back with feet on the ground, lift your pelvis, then extend one leg forward while waving your ankle.
These exercises help in rehabilitation after thrombosis; however, it is important for the patient to always listen to their body and not overexert themselves. Regular movement and gradual loading play a key role in recovery and in preventing the recurrence of thrombosis.
