Scheuermann’s disease
The health of the spine is essential for posture and movement. The human spine naturally carries certain curves that help the body maintain balance at an optimal angle. However, certain disorders, such as Scheuermann’s disease, can manifest during adolescence and have serious consequences. This condition refers to the abnormal development of the spine, which is accompanied by an increase in the thoracic curvature.
Causes and Risk Factors
Scheuermann’s disease becomes particularly noticeable during growth spurts, especially during puberty. At this time, the front part of the spine does not develop at the same rate as the back, leading to the deformation of the vertebrae. As a result, the thoracic curvature of the spine increases, and patients often tend to hunch forward. The exact causes of the disorder are still unknown, but genetic predisposition, height, and body weight are likely contributing factors.
The causes of Scheuermann’s disease are still under investigation; however, certain risk factors can be identified. One of the most important aspects is genetic inheritance. A family history and the presence of relatives with similar issues can increase the risk of developing the disease. Additionally, body weight and height can play significant roles in the manifestation of the disorder. During periods of rapid growth, such as puberty, the development of bones and tissues does not always follow a normal pace, which can contribute to spinal deformity.
Environmental factors, such as lack of physical activity or poor posture, can also play a role in the appearance of Scheuermann’s disease. Changes in the lifestyle of young people, such as prolonged sitting and lack of movement, can contribute to the worsening of spinal problems. It is important for parents to pay attention to their children’s posture and encourage them to engage in regular physical activity, as this can help maintain spinal health.
Symptoms of Scheuermann’s Disease
Scheuermann’s disease most commonly occurs during adolescence when bones begin to grow rapidly. At this time, the first signs of the disease can also become pronounced. Parents often suspect poor posture and only later recognize that it is a more serious problem. The most characteristic symptoms include chest pain and an increase in the thoracic curvature of the spine, which can also limit the children’s movement.
As the condition progresses, lung capacity may decrease, leading to breathing difficulties. Patients often report fatigue, as their bodies are unable to adapt properly to the changed position. Pain often intensifies during physical activity, further diminishing the quality of life for patients. Parents should pay attention to the condition of their children’s spines and seek medical advice if they notice any suspicious symptoms.
Diagnosis and Treatment
The diagnosis of Scheuermann’s disease is relatively straightforward and is usually established based on medical examinations and X-rays. Specialists assess the angle of the spinal curvature and the shape of the vertebrae to determine the severity of the disease. After establishing the diagnosis, the treatment options are broad and vary depending on the degree of curvature.
Treatment methods include physical therapy and rehabilitation exercises aimed at improving spinal stability and mobility. The smaller the angle of the thoracic curvature, the more likely the problem can be treated conservatively. It may often be necessary to wear a special brace that helps position the spine correctly.
If the kyphosis angle exceeds 70 degrees, or if the patient suffers from severe pain, surgical intervention may become necessary. The goal of surgery is to stabilize the spine and reduce pain. An appropriate treatment plan and early diagnosis are crucial for the successful management of Scheuermann’s disease; therefore, it is important for both parents and young people to be aware of the symptoms and possibilities of the condition.
