Summer Allergic Reactions: The Role of Alternaria

Many people experience allergic symptoms such as itchy eyes, allergic rhinitis, or asthma attacks, especially during the warmer months. The common belief is that most allergic reactions are caused by grass, ragweed, or other flowering plants’ pollen. However, the reality is much more complex, and not only pollens but also other allergens can play a role in the development of these complaints.

Mold fungi, particularly those belonging to the Alternaria genus, can also be significant allergens. These fungi thrive in nature, especially on dry plants and grains, and their spores can trigger allergic reactions when they become airborne. As a result, symptoms often occur during gardening or agricultural activities when the concentration of allergenic spores in the air increases.

Experts warn that Alternaria allergy often goes unrecognized, yet it can cause severe asthma attacks. It is essential for affected individuals to consult a specialist, as proper diagnosis and treatment are crucial for alleviating symptoms.

Alternaria Fungi and Their Allergic Reactions

Fungi belonging to the Alternaria genus are widespread, and their airborne spores are among the most common substances causing allergic reactions. These fungi primarily inhabit dry plants and grains, where they proliferate and release their spores into the air. The highest spore release typically occurs during the summer months, especially in July and August, coinciding with grass pollen dispersal.

Symptoms of Alternaria allergy often resemble those of pollen allergies, which can delay diagnosis in many cases. Symptoms include itchy eyes, runny nose, sneezing, and asthma attacks. Dr. Uta Rabe, a member of the German Society of Allergology, emphasizes that Alternaria allergy is most commonly found among children and asthma patients.

It is important to note that many allergic patients suffer from multiple allergies simultaneously, such as grass pollen allergy and Alternaria allergy. If someone has already been diagnosed with pollen allergy but continues to experience severe complaints during the summer, it is worth considering the possibility of Alternaria allergy as well. Mold fungi can thrive not only outdoors but also indoors, so symptoms can persist year-round.

Diagnosis and Treatment Options

If there is a suspicion of Alternaria allergy, it is essential for the patient to consult an allergist. To establish a diagnosis, the specialist may conduct various tests, and it is important for the patient to keep a diary of their allergic symptoms and any environmental factors that may trigger their complaints. It is useful for the doctor if the patient accurately notes when and under what circumstances the symptoms occur, such as during gardening or activities in old buildings.

One of the most effective forms of treatment is specific immunotherapy, during which the patient gradually becomes accustomed to substances containing the allergen. This therapy makes the immune system more sensitive to the substances that trigger the allergy, thereby reducing the severity of symptoms in the long term. For the success of the treatment, it is important to start the therapy as soon as possible.

The most sensitive allergy sufferers may experience symptoms even at low spore concentrations, so monitoring pollen reports can be beneficial for them. The concentration of spores in the air determines when and how severe the symptoms are, so continuous monitoring can help prevent complaints.

Tips for Alleviating Allergic Symptoms

For those with Alternaria allergy, it is important to consciously avoid certain activities that may exacerbate symptoms. For example, gardening, cleaning in old buildings, or visiting moldy areas can be particularly risky. The use of air conditioning systems and air filters can also help reduce the presence of mold fungi in the home.

To maintain cleanliness, regular cleaning is advisable, paying special attention to damp areas where mold fungi can easily proliferate. Regular washing of carpets, curtains, and other textiles is also important, as these surfaces can easily accumulate spores.

If symptoms worsen or existing treatments do not bring improvement, it is advisable to consult the allergist again, who may suggest further tests or alternative treatment options. Managing allergic symptoms is a complex task that requires a combination of proper diagnosis and personalized therapy. For patients with Alternaria allergy, the most important thing is to pay attention to their symptoms and proactively seek solutions to improve their quality of life.