The diseases of the thyroid, especially neoplastic changes, are a serious concern as accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial. Thyroid nodules are common occurrences that can be benign or malignant, and distinguishing between them often presents a challenging task. Recent research and medical practices increasingly emphasize various diagnostic methods, such as fine-needle aspiration biopsy, which can aid in establishing the correct diagnosis. Additionally, the examination of BRAF gene mutations plays an important role in diagnosis, as this mutation may indicate the presence of malignant tumors in certain cases. To accurately assess the condition of the thyroid, it is essential to consider the latest research findings. Therefore, the health of…