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Scheuermann’s disease
The health of the spine is essential for posture and movement. The human spine naturally carries certain curves that help the body maintain balance at an optimal angle. However, certain disorders, such as Scheuermann’s disease, can manifest during adolescence and have serious consequences. This condition refers to the abnormal development of the spine, which is accompanied by an increase in the thoracic curvature. Causes and Risk Factors Scheuermann’s disease becomes particularly noticeable during growth spurts, especially during puberty. At this time, the front part of the spine does not develop at the same rate as the back, leading to the deformation of the vertebrae. As a result, the thoracic curvature…
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Can you easily develop sleep apnea?
Alveolar sleep apnea is a widespread sleep-related breathing disorder that can affect individuals of all ages. Those affected include young people, the elderly, men, women, and even children. Various factors may contribute to the condition, increasing the risk, and it is essential to understand these factors thoroughly. Breathing problems can arise from different causes, and while obesity can play a role in many cases, not all affected individuals struggle with this issue. Recognizing and treating sleep apnea is crucial, as the lack of appropriate care can lead to severe complications. To improve sleep quality, it is important to be aware of the risk factors and to take timely action if…
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The phenomenon of yellow nail syndrome
The yellow nail syndrome is an extremely rare but serious health condition that causes various symptoms. The appearance of this syndrome is often concerning, as alongside nail-related changes, respiratory difficulties and lymphatic system issues may also be present. Understanding the yellow nail syndrome and recognizing the associated symptoms is crucial for diagnosis and treatment. Although yellow nail syndrome is extremely rare, it can pose significant challenges for those affected by the disease. According to current scientific understanding, the exact causes of the syndrome are not yet fully clarified; however, research is ongoing. The characteristics of the syndrome and the establishment of a diagnosis not only aid in understanding the disease…
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Causes and Signs of Venous Thromboembolism
The blood clots, or thromboses, can form in any vein of the body, and if these clots break loose, they can cause an embolism. An embolism occurs when the thrombus lodges in the venous system of another organ, causing a disruption in blood flow. This phenomenon is referred to as venous thromboembolism (VTE), and since blood clots often remain undetected, their frequency is difficult to determine. Estimates suggest that there are 80-180 cases per 100,000 people each year. Venous thromboembolism affects not only a narrow age group but encompasses a wide spectrum and can indicate serious underlying diseases or hereditary predispositions. Such issues can also be associated with other diseases,…
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How can spherocytosis be characterized?
The spherocytosis is a hereditary disease that belongs to the group of hemolytic anemias and primarily arises due to abnormalities in the structure of red blood cells. This condition is particularly prevalent in Europe, where it is the most common form of hereditary red blood cell deformities. Spherocytosis is associated with defects in the membrane of red blood cells, which leads to changes in the shape of the blood cells and can cause various health problems. The underlying cause of the disease is the defect in two main components of the red blood cell membrane, spectrin and ankyrin. These defects lead to alterations in the hydration and sodium ion content…
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Pathological Changes of the Small Intestine
The diseases of the small intestine are complex and often difficult-to-diagnose conditions that require a deeper understanding for proper comprehension. Diseases affecting different sections of the gastrointestinal tract often present similar symptoms, making diagnosis not solely reliant on clinical signs. Anatomically, the small intestine and the large intestine are distinct, but functionally they are closely related, so certain diseases can affect both sections. Diagnosing gastrointestinal diseases requires various medical examinations, such as imaging procedures, endoscopies, and laboratory tests. A clear diagnosis necessitates a thorough analysis of the symptoms and mapping out possible causes, as different conditions can underlie similar symptoms. Therefore, addressing gastrointestinal issues requires more than just relying on…
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Can heart murmurs be eliminated? – Medical answers
A fatigue and heart murmurs can arise in the lives of many young people and often cause concern. These symptoms can be particularly alarming for someone in early adulthood who has not experienced similar issues before. Medical examinations, such as blood tests or echocardiograms, can often reveal abnormalities closely related to heart function. Understanding the underlying causes of heart murmurs and fatigue is crucial for making an accurate diagnosis. Understanding Heart Murmurs Heart murmurs, which can indicate heart diseases, do not always signify a serious problem. In many cases, they are harmless and can occur during the body’s development, especially at a young age. Recognizing the symptoms and signs, as…
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IgA nephropathy – A common kidney condition
The Berger’s disease, also known as IgA nephropathy, is a chronic kidney disease that is common among young adults and can lead to kidney failure in many cases. The disease affects men significantly more often than women. The main symptom is hematuria, which may be accompanied by pain in the kidneys and groin. Symptoms often appear after a viral infection and then resolve on their own. The essence of the disease is that the filtering units of the kidneys, the glomeruli, are damaged, leading to a decline in kidney function. IgA nephropathy is particularly serious, as some patients may experience end-stage kidney failure requiring renal replacement therapy within 25 years…
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Blood in Urine – What Could Be the Causes?
The presence of blood in the urine, also known as hematuria, is a common complaint that often goes unnoticed since red blood cells can be confirmed through microscopic examination but are not visible to the naked eye. In most cases, harmless causes may be behind it, but more serious conditions, such as tumors or inflammations, can also trigger this symptom. The presence of blood in the urine can often be noticeable even with a small amount of red blood cells, as the urine color can range from pink to cola-colored. The frequency of hematuria varies among different age groups and genders; women are more prone to urinary tract infections, while…
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Megaloblastic Anemia
The megaloblastic anemia is a condition in which red blood cells develop in an abnormal form. As a result, the maturation of the cells is disrupted, preventing them from fulfilling their function, which leads to anemia. Symptoms often appear gradually in many cases, and the disease can develop insidiously. The most common underlying cause of megaloblastic anemia is vitamin deficiency, the diagnosis and treatment of which are vital for improving the patient’s condition. Disorders of blood formation can arise from various causes, with the most common factors being deficiencies in vitamin B12 and folic acid. Without these vitamins, the normal maturation process of the cells is interrupted, which can have…
