The treatment of genetic disorders is one of the greatest challenges in medicine. Traditional therapies, which typically focus on alleviating symptoms, do not address the problem by eliminating the underlying causes. However, scientific research is continuously evolving, and more and more promising solutions are emerging, showing progress in the fields of gene therapy and gene editing. Gene therapy aims to restore faulty genes or improve their function. This process is generally carried out through molecular biological techniques that allow new genes to be introduced into the cell nucleus. A gene, located in the cell nucleus, refers to a specific segment of DNA that plays a key role in regulating life…