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Catheter-based heart valve replacement – A more effective alternative to surgery?
A cardiovascular diseases are a significant health issue worldwide, particularly for the elderly. The aorta, which originates from the left ventricle of the heart, plays a crucial role in circulation, and the valve of this main artery is especially important for the proper functioning of the heart. As people age, heart valves, including the aortic valve, are prone to various changes, such as calcification and narrowing, which impose a significant burden on the heart. Due to the narrowing, the left ventricle faces increased resistance, which can lead to heart complaints and even heart failure. Traditional surgical procedures, which involve opening the chest, can be risky, especially for older patients. However,…
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Double and Simple Balloon Enteroscopy
The double-balloon enteroscopy is a special endoscopic procedure designed for the thorough examination of the small intestine. This method allows specialists to examine several meters of bowel segments, thereby assisting in diagnosis and identifying various bowel diseases. The technique is based on a special, long, and thin endoscope, which includes a sheath, also known as an overtube. Together, they form the double-balloon system, which is available in various sizes, but the most common version is 2000 mm long and 9.4 mm in diameter. The inflatable balloons at the end of the endoscope are intended to stabilize the instrument within the small intestine, ensuring an effective and safe examination. During the…
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Arthroscopic Surgery: Preparation and Procedure
The health of the joints is extremely important for daily life, as they are fundamental elements of movement. Disorders in joint function can lead to numerous problems, affecting the quality of life of patients. Medicine is continuously evolving, and one of the latest techniques is arthroscopy, which helps diagnose and treat joint diseases. Applications of Arthroscopy Arthroscopy, which refers to the visualization of joints, can be applied to various joints such as the knee, shoulder, elbow, hand, and ankle. During the procedure, the surgeon makes a small incision in the skin and then places an endoscope into the joint, allowing for real-time imaging of its internal condition. Diagnostic arthroscopy is…
