The Role of Iodine in the Body – Consequences of Deficiencies and Excessive Iodine

A iodine is an essential mineral that plays a significant role in the healthy functioning and development of the body. It is important for all of us to be aware of the significance of iodine, as adequate iodine intake is crucial for regulating metabolism and ensuring optimal thyroid function. Nevertheless, many people do not consume enough iodine, which can lead to various health issues.

Since the discovery of iodine, it has been utilized in many areas. Most commonly, we encounter it in the form of iodized salt available in stores. Additionally, iodine is found in various wound disinfectants and medications, such as those used for treating gynecological infections, throat disinfectants, and shampoos designed for hair problems. Therefore, iodine is not only essential for thyroid function but also plays an important role in many other areas.

The problem of iodine deficiency is widespread globally, and it is worth understanding the importance of iodine for our health.

The Role of Iodine in Thyroid Function

Iodine plays a crucial role in the production of thyroid hormones, which are responsible for regulating the body’s metabolism. In cases of iodine deficiency, the thyroid tries to compensate for the lack, which can lead to an enlargement of the thyroid, known as goiter. This process can go unnoticed for years, but if left untreated, it can disrupt thyroid function.

The thyroid extracts iodine from the blood, so it is essential that our diet provides sufficient amounts of iodine. However, in many places, such as in our country, the soil is iodine-deficient, leading to low iodine content in locally grown crops. According to surveys by the World Health Organization (WHO), many people worldwide, including school-aged children, consume less iodine than they need.

The WHO has initiated iodine deficiency programs in various countries to reduce this problem. Therefore, adequate iodine intake is essential for healthy thyroid function, which can help prevent iodine deficiency.

The Relationship Between Iodine and Mental Development

Iodine deficiency can lead not only to physical but also to mental problems. A lack of adequate iodine intake particularly affects the development of children, as iodine is essential for normal brain development. Research has shown that the IQ of newborns born to iodine-deficient pregnant women can be up to 20% lower than those who received adequate amounts of iodine.

As a consequence of iodine deficiency, various mental disorders can occur, including delays in speech development, memory disorders, and decreased problem-solving abilities. These issues can arise at any age and can significantly impact a person’s life and social integration in the long term.

It is therefore crucial to ensure adequate iodine intake for both pregnant women and children, as this fundamentally influences mental development and health. As part of a healthy diet, obtaining iodine from appropriate sources, such as seafood, sea salt, or iodized salt, is essential.

The Connection Between Iodine Deficiency and Obesity

As a consequence of iodine deficiency, thyroid enlargement and hypothyroidism can occur. This condition causes a slowdown in the body’s metabolism, which can lead to obesity even while maintaining a constant calorie intake. Unfortunately, many individuals struggling with weight problems only discover later that hypothyroidism is the reason for the difficult-to-lose pounds.

Understanding the relationship between obesity and iodine deficiency can be particularly important for dieters, as adequate iodine intake can contribute to maintaining normal metabolism. Within the framework of a healthy diet, it is essential to obtain iodine from natural sources, such as seafood, sea salt, and iodized salt.

For adults, the recommended daily iodine intake is 0.15 mg, while for pregnant women, it increases to 0.18 mg, and for breastfeeding mothers, it rises to 0.2 mg. By considering these recommendations, it may be easier to achieve adequate iodine intake and, along with it, address weight issues.

Iodine as a Doubtful Weapon

While iodine is essential for a healthy body, excessive intake can also cause problems. The role of iodine in the development of autoimmune thyroid diseases is an important factor that should not be overlooked. Iodization programs in iodine-deficient areas have reduced the number of people with goiter and cretinism, but at the same time, the number of people living with autoimmune thyroid diseases has increased.

For those sensitive to iodine, it can cause inflammation, hyperactivity, or other issues. Therefore, before starting any iodine supplements, it is advisable to consult an endocrinologist to avoid health problems arising from excessive iodine intake.

Overall, iodine is an essential mineral, and adequate intake is crucial for maintaining thyroid and mental health. A healthy diet and conscious iodine intake can contribute to the optimal functioning of the body.